سياسة اعتراف الدولة بالهويات الدينية عند مارسيل غوشيه

Abstract

The French philosopher Marcel Gauche (1946) believes that the state, through its representation of civil society, is in fact called upon to play the role of founder of the identities that make up this society. It is through the relationship with him that these identities are created. The state does not establish its legitimacy except through its continuous endeavor to participate in creating the components of civil society. These components, which desire to be centers of identities, are unable to spread effectively as identities except through the space of representation that the state provides for them. Contrary to what these identities say about themselves, and this is their nature, these identities do not exist at the beginning, and then later resort to making themselves accepted by a group of other identities and by general society. It is itself in its differentiated existence, and asserts itself in its qualitative differentiation, in relation to the public sphere and according to the recognition it wants to receive within it. It needs this state, which wants to be positioned outside of it and which wants it to recognize its externality in order to define its essence and reassure itself that it only exists within the framework of representation that is embodied in tangible activities within the public sphere.